Anito, also spelled anitu, refers to ancestor spirits, evil spirits, nature spirits, and deities called diwata in the Indigenous Philippine folk religions from the precolonial age to the present, although the term itself may have other meanings and associations depending on the Filipino ethnic group. It also refers to carved humanoid figures made of wood, stone, or ivory, that represent ancestral spirits worshiped as protective household deities. Anito (a term predominantly used in Northern Luzon) is also sometimes known as diwata in certain ethnic groups (especially among Visayans).
Pag-anito is séance, a ritual where a shaman (called babaylan in Visayan or katalonan in Tagalog) serves as a medium to talk to dead ancestors and spirits of the dead. This ceremony is often part of a celebration or other rituals. If the ritual involves a nature spirit or deity, it is called Pag-diwata, which includes worship or offering sacrifices to deities and spirits.
The belief in anito are sometimes referred to as Anitism in scholarly literature (Spanish: anitismo or anitería) literally means veneration of the spirits of the dead.